Link to IPM Elements for cucumber, melon and summer squash and pumpkin and winter squash.

Link to New York Cucumber Crop Profile
Link to New York Pumpkin Crop Profile
Link to New York Squash Crop Profile

Link to Resource Guide for Organic Insect and Disease Management
Link to Cornell Organic Guide for cucmbers and squash

18.1 Recommended Varieties
Listed in order of maturity within each class.

Cucumber variety	Pest Tolerance1
	ALS2	A	DM	PM	SM	CMV
Slicing
Encore	H	-	H?	H	H	H
Raider	-	-	-	-	H	M
Speedway	H	H	H?	H	H	H
Dasher II	H	H	H?	H	H	M
Thunder	-	-	H?	H	H	M
Indy (trial)	H	-	-	H	H	H
Turbo	H	H	H?	H	H	M
Meteor	H	-	H?	H	H	M
Striker	H	H	H?	H	H	M
Marketmore 76	-	-	M?	M	M	M
Marketmore 86	-	-	M?	M	M	M
Pickling
Earlipik 14	-	-	-	-	M	M
Eureka (trial)	H	H	H	H	H	H
1: L = low, M = moderate, and H = high level of tolerance to pest. When disease tolerance for a particular variety is unknown, line is left blank. 2: ALS = Angular leaf spot; A = Anthracnose; DM = Downy mildew; PM = Powdery mildew; SM = Scab/Mosaic; CMV = Cucumber mosaic virus.

Melon variety	Pest Tolerance1
	Powdery Mildew			Fusarium2
Earlisweet	-			-
Sweet n Early	H			-
Starship	-			-
Superstar	-			F2
Gold Star	-			-
Saticoy	H			F2
Athena	M			F0, 1, 2
Classic	-			-
Cordele	-			-
Pulsar	H			F1
Earli-Dew (honeydew)	-			-
1: L = low, M = moderate, and H = high level of tolerance to pest. When disease tolerance for a particular variety is unknown, line is left blank.
2: Fusarium race 0, 1, or 2

Pumpkin variety	Size (in pounds)
Jack-B-Little (95)	0.3
Wee-B-Little (95)	0.4
Baby Bear (105)	1-2
Snack Jack (100)	1-2
Baby Pam (100)	2-3
Trickster (85)	2-3
Spooktacular (85)	2-3
Smoothee (90)	3-6
Pick-a-Pie (85)	4-6
Mystic Plus pm (105)	4-6
Hybrid Pam (90)	5-7
Racer (85)	10-12
Gold Standard (90)	11-15
Tom Fox (110)	12-20
Merlin pm (110)	12-20
Magic Lantern pm (110)	12-20
Sorcerer (105)	14-18
Gold Strike (110)	18-22
Aladdin pm (115)	18-25
Gold Gem (105)	20-25
Howden (110)	20-25
Gold Medal (90)	20-30
Appalachian (100)	20-30
Gold Rush (120)	20-35
Prizewinner (120)	50-80
Atlantic Giant (125)	>80

Summer Squash variety	Pest Tolerance1
	CMV2			WMV	ZYMV
Zucchini
Zucchini Elite	-			-	-
Revenue	-			H	H
Senator	-			-	-
Dividend	H			H	H
Milano	-			-	-
Tigress	-			H	H
Seneca	-			-	-
Gold Rush	-			-	-
Straightneck Yellow
Seneca Prolific	-			-	-
Multipik	-			-	-
Goldbar	-			-	-
Scallop
Peter Pan (green)	-			-	-
Sunburst (gold)	-			-	-
Crookneck Yellow
Freedom III	H			H	H
Sundance	-			-	-
1: L = low, M = moderate, and H = high level of tolerance to pest. When disease tolerance for a particular variety is unknown, line is left blank.
2: CMV = Cucumber mosaic virus; WMV = Watermelon mosaic virus; ZYMV = Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

Winter squash variety	Type
Fresh
Table Ace	acorn
Tay Belle	bush acorn
Table Queen	acorn
Sweet Mama	buttercup
Waltham	butternut
Ambercup	buttercup
Puritan	butternut
Zenith	butternut
Processing
Boston Marrow
Golden Delicious

Watermelon variety	Fruit size (lb)	Pest Tolerance1
		Anthracnose	Fusarium
Seeded
Yellow Doll	5-7	-	-
Sugar baby	8-12	-	-
Huck Finn	15-25	-	-
Emperor	15-25	-	-
Royal Majesty	15-25	-	-
Royal Flush	15-25	-	-
Carnival	15-25	-	-
Mardi Gras	15-25	-	-
Sangria	22-26	H	H
Crimson Sweet	15-25	-	-
Seedless
Crimson Trio	14-16	-	H
Millionaire	13-20	-	-
1: L = low, M = moderate, and H = high level of tolerance to pest. When disease tolerance for a particular variety is unknown, line is left blank.

Disease resistance tables for: pickling cucumber, slicing cucumber, muskmelons, pumpkin, specialty melons, watermelon, yellow summer squash, and zucchini squash

18.2 Planting Methods

Cucumber and melon

Cucumbers for early harvest are started as transplants while later plantings are direct seeded in pots or cell-type containers. Melons do not grow well and may suffer chilling damage when air or soil temperatures are below 50°F. Typically in upstate New York, transplants are set in the field between June 1 and 10 for harvest in mid-August to early September. In warmer regions of the state and when row covers are used, the transplanting date may be two to four weeks earlier.

Wind, combined with low air temperatures (32°to 50°F), can severely damage vine crops, retarding maturity and reducing yields. Soil temperatures below 50°F also slow growth and impair water uptake by roots. For these reasons, plastic mulch and row covers are often used, especially for early-season production of melons. Black, clear, or infrared-transmitting (IRT) mulches can be used. Remember that row covers enhance daytime temperatures and growth but provide at best only a few degrees of frost protection at night. Compared to other crops, melons have had the most consistent, positive response to plastic or spunbonded fabric row covers for increased early-season production. The covers are applied at transplanting and removed at flowering to allow bee pollination.

Another means of wind protection is to plant rye strips between every second or third row of the crop. Site selection is also important for wind protection and optimal soil temperature. Light textured soils that warm quickly in the spring are preferable to heavier soils that remain cool. Good drainage, fertility, and high organic matter are other soil features that will improve the potential for good yield and quality.

See Cornell Report: Brushing for height control in transplants

See Cornell report on using IPM in intensive plasticulture situations

See Cornell report comparing farm ecosystem and management factors on organic and conventional farms

Cornell High Tunnels program

Summer squash.

Container grown plants may be used for the early crop and are planted into plastic mulch. Early plantings should be protected from cold and winds with row covers or hot caps and windbreaks. See discussion under Cucumber and melon for details.

Cornell High Tunnels program

Watermelon.

Watermelons should not be transplanted to the field until daily mean temperatures are above 55°to 60°F. Many varieties require over 100 days to mature, so season extension techniques are important.

Transplants should be produced in a greenhouse with temperatures between 75° and 85°F. Each transplant should have at least a two inch by two inch space. Seedless watermelon seed should be planted with the point up to facilate growth. Overseeding may be appropriate if the germination test is low. Transplants from seed typically take about three weeks to grow in the greenhouse.

Recycling Ag Plastics Project (RAPP) Sheet

Cornell RAPP Best Management Practices

Ontario, Canada fact sheet on pollination of vine crops

Cornell High Tunnels program

Crop rotation and disease management article

18.3 Fertility

Use lime to maintain a pH of 6.0 to 6.5. See Table18.3.1 and Table 18.3.2 for the recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Cornell cover crop decision tool

Go to the Cornell Nutrient Analysis Lab website to find out how to get soil samples tested.

Cornell Soil Health website and manual

SARE Publication: "Building Soils for Better Crops"

SARE publication: "Managing Cover Crops Profitably"

Table 18.3.1 Recommended nutrients based on soil tests for seeds and transplants in bare ground. If the pH is between 5.5 and 6.0, apply 5 pounds of magnesium per acre in the fertilizer band. If the pH is below 5.5, apply 10 pounds of magnesium
N pounds/acre	P2O5 pounds/acre				K2O pounds/acre			Comments
	Soil Phosphorus Level				Soil Potassium Level
	low	med.	high		low	med.	high
100-120	120	80	40		120	80	40	Total recommended.
40	80	40	0		80	40	0	Broadcast and disk-in.
30-40	40	40	40		40	40	40	Band place with planter or sidedress one week after transplanting.
30-401	0	0	0		0	0	0	Sidedress when plants begin to run.
1: If nitrogen deficiency is likely because of leaching or waterlogged soil, increase nitrogen sidedressings by 30 pounds.

Table 18.3.2 Recommended nutrients based on soil tests for transplants in plastic mulch with fertigation. If plastic mulch is used without fertigation, broadcast and incorporate all fertilizer before laying plastic mulch.
N pounds/acre	P2O5 pounds/acre				K2O pounds/acre			Comments
	Soil Phosphorus Level				Soil Potassium Level
	low	med.	high		low	med.	high
100-120	120	80	40		120	80	40	Total recommended.
40	80	40	0		40	40	0	Broadcast and disk-in.
15-20	20	20	20		20	20	20	Fertigate 1 week after planting.
15-20	20	20	20		20	20	20	Fertigate 3 weeks after planting.
15-20	20	0	0		20	20	20	Fertigate at fruit set.1
15-20	20	0	0		20	0	0	Fertigate 2 weeks before harvest.

18.4 Harvesting

Cucumber

Both fresh-market and pickling cucumbers are picked by hand four to five days apart depending on temperature and moisture. A field can generally be picked ten to 15 times.

Populations of 40,000 plants or more per acre concentrate yields sufficiently for mechanical harvesting of pickles. Success of machine harvest depends on establishing a uniform stand, harvesting when ten percent of the fruit are two inches in diameter or larger, and moving the fruit quickly from the field to the processing plant.

See UC Davis post harvest guide for cucumbers

Melon

Melons should be harvested at "full slip" when the fruit slips easily from the vine. The ground color under the net starts to turn yellow at full slip, and the soluble solids (determined with a handheld refractometer) are greater than eight percent. Eastern melons are bruised easily during harvest, and this can shorten shelf life.

The winter or honeydew-type melons do not slip when ripe. Harvest is based on experienced observations of the change in color of the ground spot and amount of softening of the blossom end at optimal ripeness.

Eating maturity of melons occurs one to three days after harvest, and the best flavor is attained if melons are held near 70°F for this final ripening, then chilled for serving. If melons are to be stored longer, they should be held at 50° to 55°F and 85 to 90 percent relative humidity. Eastern melons will seldom maintain quality when stored longer than one week. Winter melons such as honeydew can be stored for two to four weeks, at 45° to 50°F and 90 percent relative humidity. All melons are subject to chilling damage if held at temperatures lower than those indicated.

Pumpkin and Squash

In fields where pumpkins are turning orange, it is worthwhile to cut and windrow and bring them in out of the field. This will allow the handles to cure and protect fruit from insects, vertebrate pests, and diseases. For best color development, day temperatures in the 70's to 80°F and night tmeperatures no lower than 65°F is best. If you need to leave pumplins in the field for pick-your-own, cut handles from the vine to save them from advancing disease.

Store only mature fruit that is free of disease. Harvest and place the fruit under shelter before it can be damaged by chilling or freezing. Fruits subjected to temperatures below 50°F for two weeks or more may break down and rot.

Desirable storage conditions are 50° to 55°F at a relative humidity of 50 to 75 percent with good air circulation to maintain uniform temperature and humidity throughout the storage period. During a long storage period, fruit will lose less moisture if humidity is maintained near 70 to 75 percent.
Acorn-type squash can be stored ten to 15 weeks after which quality deteriorates rapidly. Other squash may be kept up to six months under good conditions.

See UC Davis post harvest guide for pumpkin and winter squash

Ontario,Canada fact sheet on pumpkin and squash

Watermelon

Watermelons should be harvested when the tendril on the vine at the juncture between the fruit and stem turns brown; the ground color under the melon turns yellow; and "thumping" produces a dull, hollow sound. In some varieties, a slight bumpy surface develops when the watermelon is ready to be harvested.

Watermelons are best stored at 55°F and 90 percent relative humidity. If handled gently, they should store two to three weeks under these conditions. Some seedless varieties may have a slightly longer storage life. Holding at temperatures less than 50°F causes the red color to fade quickly to pink.

See Cornell GAPsNET

See Cornell "Smart Marketing" series.

See USDA grade standards for fresh cucumbers, greenhouse cucumbers, fresh cantaloups, fresh watermelons, summer squash, winter squash/pumpkins, and pickling cucumbers

See USDA Agricultural Marketing Service site

See current wholesale prices from US markets

SARE Publication: "Marketing Strategies for Farmers and Ranchers"

SARE Publication: "Direct Marketing Resource Guide"

Ontario, Canada fact sheet on pollination of vine crops

Ontario,Canada fact sheet on pumpkin and squash

See Cornell reports on a cucurbits pest and crop management systems evaluation project 2001, 2002, 2004

18.5 Disease Management

| Alternaria leaf blight | Angular leaf spot | Bacterial leaf spot | Anthracnose | Bacterial wilt | Belly rot | Choanephora blossom blight | Cottony leak | Damping-off | Downy mildew |
| Fusarium wilt | Fusarium crown and | Verticillium wilt | Gummy stem blight | Nematodes | Phytophthora blight | Plectosporium blight |
| Powdery mildew | Scab | Sclerotinia white mold | Seedborne diseases | Septoria leaf spot |
| Storage rots | Cucumber mosaic virus | Ulocladium leaf spot |
| Watermelon mosaic virus | Papaya ring spot virus | Zucchini yellow mosaic virus |

See Cucurbit disease diagnostic key

SARE Publication: "A Whole-Farm Approach to Managing Pests"

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

See Cornell fact sheet on ALB.

See Cucurbit disease diagnostic key

Time for concern: When the canopy closes
Affected crop(s): All cucurbits, but especially netted melons
Key characteristics: Symptoms first appear on the upper surface of crown leaves as small, circular spots 1/4 inch in diameter and later enlarge to show a target-like pattern of rings. See References 1 and 2.

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

18.5.2 Angular leaf spot, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, and Bacterial leaf spot, Xanthomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae

See Cornell fact sheet on ALS.

Organic management of ALS on cucurbits

See Cucurbit disease diagnostic key

Time for concern: Early to midseason as immature fruit appear and develop

Affected crop(s): All cucurbits

Key characteristics: Angular leaf spot - brown, water-soaked spots are 1/25 to 3/25 inch in length and angular in shape. Bacterial leaf spot - spots are similar in color and size to angular leaf spot, but circular. Under moist conditions, small droplets of ooze come from the water-soaked areas and dry as white residue. The fruit may have sunken craters with white crust. See References 1 and 2.

Management Option	Recommendation
Scouting/thresholds	As the plants begin to run (vine types) or flower (bush types), chose five representative sites. At each site, inspect two older leaves on each of five plants. Record the number of infected plants. A total of 50 leaves should be inspected per field. After the row closes (vine types) or fruit that have set begin to enlarge (bush types), substitute five plant areas. Examine ten leaves per area and five fruit at each location. Calculate and record the percent of plants infected. Threshold: symptoms found on one leaf per 25 to 50 leaves sampled. See Reference 3.
Resistant varieties	Plant resistant cucumber varieties whenever possible. See Section 18.1 Recommended Varieties. Disease resistance tables for: pickling cucumber, slicing cucumber, muskmelons, pumpkin, specialty melons, watermelon, yellow summer squash, and zucchini squash
Crop rotation	Minimum two years without cucurbits.Crop rotation and disease management article Cornell cover crop decision tool Cornell Forage Species Selection Tool
Site selection	Avoid planting next to other cucurbits.
Seed selection/treatment	Plant only disease-free seed. Both pathogens may be seedborne.
Postharvest	Crop debris should be destroyed as soon as possible to remove this source of disease for other plantings and to initiate decomposition.
Sanitation	This is not a currently viable management option.

Compound(s)
Comparing Environmental Risks of Pesticides In the "Field Use EIQ" column is the range of EIQ (Environmental Impact Quotient) values for the rate range recommended for each pesticide (lower EIQ = lower environmental impact). Other pesticide risk models are useful for specific purposes. WIN-PST is required for some USDA NRCS conservation plans.
Common name Trade name	Crop Use	Rate/A Product	PHI (days)	REI (hours)	Field Use EIQ	Comments
copper compounds
Champ F or OLF	All	1.3 pt	0	24	18.8	Label varies with manufacturer and formulation. Copper comparison article List of Copper compound
* Other Labeled Formulations

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

See photo gallery for anthracnose on cucurbit crops

See photo on pumpkin

See photo on butternut squash

See Cucurbit disease diagnostic key

Time for concern: During warm, moist seasons and also a postharvest problem for pumpkins and winter squash

Affected crop(s): All cucurbits

Key characteristics: Leaf lesions begin as water-soaked spots that become yellow and circular. The fruit develops circular, black, sunken cankers. When moisture is present, the black center of the lesion is covered with salmon-colored spores. See References 1, 4, 5, and 6.

Management Option	Recommendation
Scouting/thresholds	As the plants begin to run (vine types) or flower (bush types), chose five representative sites. At each site, inspect two older leaves on each of five plants. Record the number of infected plants. A total of 50 leaves should be inspected per field. After the row closes (vine types) or fruit that have set begin to enlarge (bush types), substitute five plant areas. Examine ten leaves per area and five fruit at each location. Calculate and record the percent of plants infected. The threshold is reached when symptoms are present. See Reference 3.
Resistant varieties	Plant resistant cucumber varieties whenever possible. See Section 18.1 Recommended Varieties. Disease resistance tables for: pickling cucumber, slicing cucumber, muskmelons, pumpkin, specialty melons, watermelon, yellow summer squash, and zucchini squash
Crop rotation	Minimum two year rotation with unrelated crops. Crop rotation and disease management article Cornell cover crop decision tool Cornell Forage Species Selection Tool
Seed selection/treatment	Use commercially-produced, disease-free seed.
Postharvest	Crop debris should be destroyed as soon as possible to remove this source of disease for other plantings and to initiate decomposition. Late-season fungicide sprays will reduce potential for carryover inoculum on pumpkin and winter squash.
Site selection and Sanitation	These are not currently viable management options.

Compound(s)
Cornell article: "General guidelines for managing fungicide resistance"
Comparing Environmental Risks of Pesticides In the "Field Use EIQ" column is the range of EIQ (Environmental Impact Quotient) values for the rate range recommended for each pesticide (lower EIQ = lower environmental impact). Other pesticide risk models are useful for specific purposes. WIN-PST is required for some USDA NRCS conservation plans.
Common name Trade name	Crop Use	Rate/A Product	PHI (days)	REI (hours)	Field Use EIQ	Comments
azoxystrobin						Do not apply more than 1 sequential foliar application of Quadris or Heritage (Group 11) or other strobilurin before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. Do not spray these products where spray drift may reach apple trees or use same sprayer to apply sprays to apple trees.
Quadris F 2.08 lb/gal	All	11.0-15.4 fl oz	1	4	4.2-5.9
Heritage	All	3.2-8.0 oz	1	4	2.7-6.7
azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil
Quadris Opti	All	3.2 pt	1	12	59.0
chlorothalonil
Bravo Weather Stik or OLF 6 lb/gal	All	1.5-2 pt	0	12	30.3-40.4	Note eye wash requirement and reduced seasonal amounts for shortened reentry interval on label. Watermelons: Do not tank mix chlorothalonil with other materials or spray when conditions are conducive to sunburn. Apply when fruit first sets or disease first appears and repeat every 7-10 days. Combine with Topsin M under severe conditions.
copper compounds
Champ F or OLF	All	1.3 pt	0	24	18.8	Labels vary with manufacturer and formulation. Copper comparison article List of Copper compounds
difenoconazole + cyprodinil
Inspire Super	All	16-20 fl oz	7	12	9.9-12.4	Apply by ground only. A combination of Groups 3 + 9 fungicides. No more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different MOA. Do not apply more than 80 fl oz of Product/A/season.
famoxadone + cymoxanil
Tanos 50 DF	All	8 oz	3	12	11.5	Tanos (Group 11 + 27) must be tank-mixed with a protectant fungicide and can be used on all cucurbits if choosing chlorothalonil or copper as the mixing partner. Do not make more than 1 application before alternating with a non-strobilurin fungicide (Group 11) with a different mode of action.
mancozeb
Dithane DF; Manzate Pro-Stick; Penncozeb 75 DF or OLF	All	2-3 lb	5	24	38.6-57.8	Do not apply more than 25.6 lb product/A/Season. Do not make more than 8 applications per year. See sensitivity issue for some muskmelon varieties on the labels.
pyraclostrobin
Cabrio EG	All	12-16 oz	0	12	4.1-5.4	Not for aerial application in NYS. Do not make more than one application of Cabrio or Pristine before alternaitng to a non-strobilurin (Group 11) fungicide with a different mode of action for at least 1 application.
pyraclostrobin+boscalid
Pristine 38 WDG	All	18.5 oz	0	12	11.7	Not for aerial application in NYS. Do not make more than one application of Cabrio or Pristine before alternaitng to a non-strobilurin (Group 11) fungicide with a different mode of action for at least 1 application.
thiophanate-methyl
Topsin M 70WP 0.7 lb/lb	All	0.5 lb	1	24	8.3	If severe conditions exist, combine Topsin M (Group 1) with chlorothalonil.
* Restricted-use pesticide 1: C = cucumber; M = melon; P = pumpkin; SS = summer squash; WS = winter squash; W = watermelon ; EG = edible gourds. * Other labeled Formulations

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

18.5.4 Bacterial wilt, Erwinia tracheiphila The bacterium is spread by the striped cucumber beetle and the spotted cucumber beetle.

See photo gallery for bacterial wilt on cucurbits

See photo gallery for cucumber beetles, rootworm beetles, and bacterial wilt on cucurbits

See Cornell fact sheet on BW and beetles

Life cycle of BW.

Organic management of BW on cucurbits

See Cucurbit disease diagnostic key

Time for concern: Entire season, but especially when plants are small
Affected crop(s): Most common for cucumber and melon. Some varieties of gourd, pumpkin, summer and winter squash are susceptible.
Key characteristics: Dull, green wilted patches appear on damaged leaves. Petioles and leaves initially wilt and eventually, the entire plant. Fruit may be small, poorly shaped, and wilted. See Reference 1.
For Management Options, see the Striped and Spotted Cucumber Beetles under Section 18.6.

See Cornell report on attractiveness to SCB and susceptibilityto wilt of cucurbit crop types and cultivars

Time for concern: Rainy weather during blossom and fruit set stage

Affected crop(s): Pumpkin and summer and winter squash

Key characteristics: Fungus gets established in senescent blossoms and grows into fruit which then rot. See Reference 1.

Management Option	Recommendation
Scouting/thresholds	Record the occurrence and severity of blossom blight and fruit rot. No thresholds have been established.
Resistant varieties	No resistant varieties are available.
Crop rotation	Minimum two year rotation. Crop rotation and disease management article Cornell cover crop decision tool Cornell Forage Species Selection Tool
Site selection	The fungus is likely to be ubiquitous in the soil.
Postharvest	Deep plow immediately after harvest to initiate decomposition, thereby hastening destruction of infested crop debris. Plow again before planting cover crop.
Seed selection/treatment and Sanitation	These are not currently viable management options.
Compound(s)	No pesticides are available to manage Choanephora blossom blight and fruit rot.

18.5.7 Cottony leak, Pythium spp.

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

Check NYS PIMS (Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System) to see if the label is current for New York. SPECIAL NEW YORK RESTRICTIONS MAY APPLY. (http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/)

Management Option	Recommendation
Scouting/thresholds	Record the occurrence and severity of this disease. This is important for future rotational strategies. Include any areas where water does not drain well when scouting. See Reference 3.
Resistant varieties	No resistant varieties are available. Pumpkins with hard, gourd-like rinds are less susceptible.
Crop rotation	Minimum three year rotation with crops other than peppers, eggplants, tomatoes, lima beans and cucurbits, longer if possible. Crop rotation and disease management article Cornell article: "Cropping sequences and root health" Cornell cover crop decision tool Cornell Forage Species Selection Tool
Site selection	Select well-drained fields. Avoid planting next to other susceptible crops. Do not plant in low areas of a field. Grow bush types on raised, dome-shaped beds with plastic mulch. Vining cucurbits grown on raised beds may show more fruit infection due to a more favorable environment within the furrow. Subsoiling before planting and between rows before vining improves drainage. See Cornell IPM Report: Evaluation of Cultural Control Methods Against Phytophthora capsici in Winter Squash and Pumpkins SARE Publication: "Building Soils for Better Crops" SARE publication: "Managing Cover Crops Profitably" See Cornell reports evaluating composts for Phytophthora control 2001, 2002, 2003
Sanitation	Movement of the fungus in water and on soiled equipment can be an important means of spread between fields. Thoroughly clean equipment and boots after working in affected fields.
Seed selection/treatment and Postharvest	These are not currently viable management options.

Compound(s)
Cornell article: "General guidelines for managing fungicide resistance"
Comparing Environmental Risks of Pesticides In the "Field Use EIQ" column is the range of EIQ (Environmental Impact Quotient) values for the rate range recommended for each pesticide (lower EIQ = lower environmental impact). Other pesticide risk models are useful for specific purposes. WIN-PST is required for some USDA NRCS conservation plans.
Common name Trade name	Crop Use	Rate/A Product	PHI (days)	REI (hours)	Field Use EIQ	Comments
copper compounds
##Champion WP ##Champ F	All	1.5-3 lb 1.3 pt	0	12/24	44.5-88.9 18.8	## 2(ee) For Phytophthora blight in cucurbits, apply coppers (Champion, Champ) in a tank-mix with Ranman, Forum, and Tanos, or other labeled copper products and in alternation with other fungicides that also have specific activity for oomycetes, including Phytophthora capsici. Copper comparison article List of Copper compounds
cyazofamid
Ranman 400 SC	All	2.75 fl oz	0	12	0.9	Begin applications of Ranman (Group 21) when conditions favor disease development.  Follow resistance management strategies on the label.
dimethomorph
Forum SC	All	6.0 oz	0	12	3.9	Forum (Group 40) is labeled for Phytophthora blight and Phytophthora crown rot. Must be tank-mixed with a protectant fungicide (copper). Use a minimum of 20 gallons per acre to achieve maximum coverage. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action .
famoxadone + cymoxanil
Tanos 50 DF	All	8 oz	3	12	11.5	Tanos (Group 11 + 27). For suppression of the foliar and fruit phase only. For suppression of Phytophthora blight, Tanos must be tank-mixed with a copper-containing fungicide or mancozeb-containing fungicide if approved for that crop.
fluopicolide
*Presidio	All	3-4 fl oz	2	12	1.9-2.6	*Presidio (Group 43) must be used in a tank mix with another fungicide with a different MOA. Apply no more than 2 sequential applications of *Presidio before alternating with another effective product with a different MOA. Do not apply more than 12 fl. oz. per A/season. For soilborne diseases caused by Phytophthora, *Presidio may be injected into irrigation water at the defined application rates or as a soil or foliar application when conditions are for disease development and prior to disease onset. Begin applications at planting/transplanting for best results.
mancozeb
##*Manzate Pro-Stick	C,M,SS,W	2-3 qt	5	24	77.1-115.7	##2(ee) for the use of mancozeb mixed with Tanos and copper (see above)  for Phytophthora blight control. NOTE: Must use product bearing EPA Reg. No. 1812-414-352 This 2(ee) only valid with this specific product.
mandipropamid
Revus	All	8 fl oz	0	12	3.2	Revus (Group 40) must be used with a spreading/penetrating type adjuvant and tank-mixed with copper fungicide. Do not make more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action .
phosporus acid
Phostrol or OLF	All	2.5-5 pt	0	4	10.3-20.6	Begin when conditions favor disease development. Repeat as needed on a 7-14 day interval.
* Restricted use only ## = 2(ee)